Jean Paul Marat during the French Revolution - Essay Example They were staunch opponents of much moderate Girodins (also termed as "Brissotin" means loose partnership of republican politicians) who after losing power in 1793 were had to face the "reign of terror "instituted by Montagnards in form of 21 Girodins guillotined by ruling Montagnards and relief factor came to them in 1794 with the end of Montagnard regime. Jean Paul Marat is one out of various reasons which stirred the revolution including the ever-growing elite class, the heavy taxing and cruel feudal system, tyranny on the peasants and crop failure in France in 1788. But he owns central significance while being the leader of radical Montagnards alone. Marat had four occupations and he excelled in all. (1) Marat became a successful doctor in London after having obscure years in France. In 1770s he published many books on scientific and philosophical ideas and philosophies. "A philosophical essay on man (1773) "met huge success. While his political work included "a chain of slavery (1774)". On his return to France he was appointed as a physician to the personal guards of younger brother of the king. On witnessing the grave circumstances of his country he concluded the monarchy is the root of all evils in France and this thought, he later developed in to a movement leading to French revolution. He became editor of a newspaper L'Ami du Peuple (the friend of people) in 1789 and initiated his ruthless, relentless and sharp attacks on aristocracy, that included elite class , royal family and Politicians including king's finance minister . It was a voice of the suppressed class of France, the poor, and it gave them awareness as well as stabilized Marat's influential popularity. In 1790, he addressed his readers, "Five or six hundred heads cut off would have assured your repose, freedom, and happiness. A false humanity has held your arms and suspended your blows; because of this millions of your brothers will lose their lives" (2) The national assembly was shocked and scared now, it sentenced him a month in prison but Marat hided himself and carried on his campaign being behind the scene. Now, the inspirational leader and politician emerged in him. His role as political leader Marat as a delegate to national convention in 1790-91 supported graduated income tax, short term of military service, benefits and schemes for the poor etc publically but inwardly he hated to be a part of aristocracy, and solution to get rid of loathsome Aristocrats was a revolution and just a revolution not passing bills and resolutions. Firstly, he favored the execution of anti-revolutionaries. Secondly, since he was a revolutionary by mind, he supported extremism and radical group to get rid of Royal family and elite class, this movement was called Montagnard movement which in one year of their rule assassinated hundreds of thousands in reign of terror, later, "Girodins" were first target and were targeted severely. Thirdly, he advocated a temporary dictatorship which could deal with emergency in the country. One to one battle and Marat's climax In later two years he became very popular and enjoyed outrageous support by his fellow Persian Leader Georges Danton and Persian people not only in street
0 Comments
1/6/2020 0 Comments Sammy Quits A&P on a WhimSammy, an immature and impulsive 19-year old in Updike’s short story, “A&P,†allows infatuation with a scantily clad girl to override his common sense and good judgment.His juvenile thoughts spur a chivalrous act that may have long-term consequences on his career and the relationship with his parents. Sammy’s foolish decision to quit his job as a supermarket cashier is based merely on lust, and he almost instantly regrets his futile move to woo the fleeting girl.Sammy’s base impulse is to ogle and crudely assess three young girls who enter the Boston-area A&P where he runs the register. These girls, in their summer bathing suits, captivate and stun the seemingly adolescent Sammy. He assesses the first young girl as a “chunky kid, with a good tan and a sweet broad soft-looking can.â€Â This crude reaction indicates that Sammy may have misogynistic tendencies. Stunned by sexual thoughts, Sammy makes an eagle-eyed spendthrift’s day when he double-charges her for an item. Then, his misogyny is confirmed when he humorously surmises that if his perturbed customer had “been born at the right time they would have burned her over in (nearby) Salem.â€Sammy then trains his probing eyes upon the majestic young girl, the “queen,†who will quickly become his undoing. He is infatuated by the bare top of her chest that glistens, unshielded by her downed bathing suit straps.He is smitten with her looks and the way she carries herself, but he demeans and minimizes any thoughts and intelligence this girl may possess. Sammy’s chauvinistic, superior attitude is glaringly exposed when he wonders “how girls’ minds work (do you really think it’s a mind in there or just a little buzz like a bee in a glassjar?)â€Â Based on his upcoming actions, perhaps Sammy is the one with the tiny, insect-like brain.The lustful, arrogant Sammy is among his kind as he observes most of his male co-workers. His married, slightly older cohort, Stokesie, and the older meat counter attendant, McMahon, seem just as prone to ogle and demean any cute young things who enter the store.Sammy holds other customers in contempt as he mocks them as dull compliant “sheep†that mindlessly follow their dreary, meaningless routines.  Only the store manager, Lengel, is mature and immune to instinctive male sexual impulses. He bluntly confronts the bikini-clad girls and says “this isn’t the beach.â€Sammy then stupidly succumbs to his juvenile mindset by defending the girls and challenging the judgment of his boss. His primitive, simple-minded instincts overwhelm any reasonable thoughts that might suggest restraint and responsibility.When the “queen†pays the smitten Sammy with a folded dollar bill that has been sweetly lodged between her luscious breasts, his fate is sealed. Sammy reflexively blurts, “I quit.â€Â The prudish Lengel gives the impulsive Sammy a chance to reconsider his brash career decision, but Sammy is committed to his wrong-headed thrust. Almost instantly, his queen flees out of his sight and out of his life forever.Sammy, recently unemployed, is stranded in the supermarket parking lot with the realization that an impulsive act of chivalry fueled by lust may have altered his life forever. A likely bleak reality emerges as his “stomach kind of fell as I felt how hard the world was going to be to me hereafter.†Â
|
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |